ການຍ້າຍຕົວຂະຫນາດໃຫຍ່ຂອງແຫວນເກຍພາຍໃນ: ຄວາມລົ້ມເຫຼວທີ່ໄດ້ສັງເກດເຫັນອີກຢ່າງຫນຶ່ງແມ່ນວົງແຫວນເກຍພາຍໃນຂອງການຄູ່ຜົວເມຍອາດຈະປະສົບກັບການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍ axial ທີ່ຂ້ອນຂ້າງໃຫຍ່. ໃນບາງກໍລະນີ, this displacement can be so significant that the gears may even fail to mesh properly. Such a situation can cause an immediate interruption in the power transmission process, as the correct meshing of the gears is crucial for the smooth operation of the connected machinery.
Tooth Breakage: The occurrence of tooth breakage is also a serious failure phenomenon in couplings. Broken teeth can not only disrupt the normal meshing of the gears but also may lead to more severe consequences such as the scattering of broken gear fragments, which could potentially damage other components within the machinery system. This can pose a significant threat to the safety and continuous operation of the entire equipment.
Fracture of the Coupling’s Butt Bolts: The fracture of the butt bolts used to connect the two halves of the coupling is yet another failure that can occur. When these bolts break, the structural integrity of the coupling is compromised, and it may no longer be able to maintain the proper connection and alignment between the shafts it is coupling. This can result in misalignment of the shafts and subsequent problems in power transmission.
ກ. Insufficient Lubrication or Improper Grease Usage
The first major cause of the above-mentioned coupling failures is related to lubrication issues. Specifically, there may be insufficient lubricating oil in the coupling or even a complete lack of it. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, improper use of grease can also lead to problems. ເປັນຕົວຢ່າງ, ຖ້າມີໄຂມັນທີ່ໃຊ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນປະເພດທີ່ເຫມາະສົມຫຼືຖ້າມັນບໍ່ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ຢ່າງຖືກຕ້ອງ, ມັນສາມາດເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມສາມາດໃນການຄິດໄລ່ເວລາ.
As a result of this axial force, the internal gear ring of the coupling will experience axial displacement. If the displacement amount becomes too large, it can lead to severe gear wear, and in extreme cases, even tooth breakage. ຍິ່ງໄປກວ່ານັ້ນ, the misalignment can cause the internal and external gears to be unable to mesh properly, eventually resulting in the inability to transmit power.
This type of failure is relatively difficult to handle and often requires shutting down the production process for repair. The typical repair method involves realigning the shafts. This may involve re-aligning the reducer side or the drum side, depending on where the misalignment is more significant. To do this, it is necessary to first identify the part with the larger offset error. This requires measuring the horizontal and coaxial alignment of the main shaft as well as that of the reducer’s main shaft to determine in which direction the coupling is offset. Then, by re-leveling and realigning according to the quality standards, the failure can be eliminated.
ເປັນຕົວຢ່າງ, in a practical case on a construction site, a JK-2.5/11.5 single-rope winding hoist was encountered with such a problem. At that time, the concentricity deviation of the coupling was measured to be 2n, with the reducer side being lower. This misalignment caused the coupling of the hoist’s accessories to fail to work properly. The axial displacement of the internal gear ring exceeded the gear width. After surveying and calculating, the reducer was realigned according to the quality standards. After the adjustment, the hoist operated normally, and the failure was resolved.
ເພີ່ມເຕີມ, large errors in the horizontal and coaxial alignment of the two shafts can also cause the coupling to “bind” during rotation. This is similar to the cause of gear wear in the coupling mentioned above. In this situation, the connecting bolts are not only subjected to the normal forces but also to an additional bending moment, which can cause them to break. This is a common occurrence, especially when there is a significant difference in the horizontal level of the reducer’s main shaft. ຍິ່ງໄປກວ່ານັ້ນ, if the diameter of the bolts is too small, their strength may not be sufficient, or if the bolt material is of poor quality, it can also lead to bolt fracture.
ການສະຫລຸບ, understanding the various failure phenomena and their corresponding causes in couplings is crucial for maintaining the normal operation of machinery systems that rely on couplings for power transmission. By carefully analyzing these issues and taking appropriate preventive and corrective measures, such as ensuring proper lubrication and accurate shaft alignment, the reliability and service life of couplings can be significantly improved, thereby reducing the occurrence of failures and the associated downtime and maintenance costs.
