The crane yakagadzikwa nerori, nezita rayo rakazara “rori-yakakwira inosimudza transporter,” chinhu chakakosha chemidziyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana senge docks, matura, mafekitari, nenzvimbo dzokuvaka. Nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzopa mamiriro ekunze akaoma, kunyanya pakuvaka nzvimbo uko huruva, marara, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvakawanda. Semagumo, panguva yekushanda kwe crane yakagadzikwa neroris munzvimbo dzakadaro, mafuta ekuzora anowanzoita “tsvina” sekusvibiswa kwakasiyana-siyana uye marara zvinosanganiswa zviri nyore mairi. Izvi zvinounza dambudziko guru kune vakawanda crane yakagadzikwa nerori vatyairi. Kuchinja oiri yekuzora nguva zhinji kunogona kuita sekutambisa uye kunodhura, asi kusiya tsvina muoiri kunomutsa kushushikana pamusoro pekugona kukuvadzwa kwezvikamu zvemotokari. Chokwadi idambudziko rine minzwa rinoda mhinduro inoshanda. Munyaya ino, isu tichaongorora nzira dzinoshanda dzekubvisa nyore tsvina kubva kumafuta ekuzora e crane yakagadzikwa neroris.
Chekutanga, ngationgororei kusvibiswa kwemagetsi. Chii chaizvo chinonzi mechanical tsvina? Mechanical tsvina inoreva huwandu hwezvinhu zvisinganyunguke mumafuta uye zvakatsanangurwa zvinonyungudutsa mupetroleum uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepetroleum.. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kusanganisira sediment, huruva, iron filings, fibers, uye mimwe munyu isinganyungudika. Kuvapo kwe mechanical tsvina kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakawanda inokuvadza. Zvemafuta akareruka, vanogona kuvhara dunhu remafuta, kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwerabha kana kukonzera ngura. Panyaya yemafuta anopisa, mechanical tsvina inogona kuvhara muromo, kuderedza kupisa kwemoto uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta. Zvekuzora mafuta, mechanical tsvina inonyanya kunetsa sezvo inogona kuparadza firimu remafuta, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kupfeka pazvikamu zvejini. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuvharira iyo mafuta sefa uye kukurudzira kuumbwa kwekabhoni deposits.
Mabviro etsvina yemuchina anonyanya kupetwa kaviri. Chekutanga, vanogona kubva kune tsvina yekunze inopinda mumafuta panguva yekugadzirwa, storage, uye kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemafuta. Semuyenzaniso, munzvimbo yekuvaka nzvimbo, huruva nemarara zvinogona kuwana nyore nzira yavo kupinda muoiri yekuzora. Chechipiri, mechanical tsvina inogonawo kuguma kubva pakupfeka kwemichina pachayo. Sezvo crane yakagadzikwa nerori inoshanda, zvinhu zvakadai semagiya, pistons, uye mabearings anopera nekufamba kwenguva, kuburitsa zvimedu zvakaita sejecha, matombo, uye carbon deposit zvinhu mumafuta ekuzora.
Kubvisa kusvibiswa kwemichina kunogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekunaya uye kusefa. Kunaya inzira iri nyore inotsamira nenguva uye simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Apo mafuta ekuzora anosiyiwa asina kukanganiswa kwenguva yakati, iyo inorema mechanical tsvina inogara pasi pegaba. Zvisinei, nzira iyi yoga inogona kunge isina kukwana kubvisa zvachose tsvina yose. Kusefa inzira inoshanda. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emasefa aripo, kubva kune akapusa mesh mafirita kusvika kune epamusoro cartridge mafirita. Masefa aya akagadzirirwa kuteya nekubvisa tsvina yemuchina sezvo mafuta ekuzora achipfuura mazviri.
Imwe tsvina yakajairika inowanikwa mumafuta ekuzora e crane yakagadzikwa neroris is sediment. Sediment inoreva organic uye inorganic zvinhu zvisinganyungudika muhuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zveoiri. Icho chimwe chezviratidzo zvinoratidzira zvepakati uye zvinorema mafuta emafuta. Yakawandisa sediment content inogona kuva nemhedzisiro yakaipa. Inogona kuvhara masefa zviri nyore, nozzles, uye mavharuvhu, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kufamba kwakakodzera kwemafuta ekuzora uye mafuta. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuderedzwa kweinjini kuita, kuwedzera kupfeka pazvikamu zvakakosha zve crane yakagadzikwa nerori, uye kunyange kuparara kunogona kuitika.
Kuyera musimboti wetsvina muoiri kunosanganisira kuisa imwe chiyero chemafuta mumudziyo une porous uye uchiramba uchidonhedza chinhu chinopisa.. Zvese zvikamu zvinonyungudika musolvent zvichapfuura nepasefa uye zvinoburitswa. Chinosara mumudziyo ivhu risinganyunguriki muzvinonyungudutsa. Kubvisa sediment kunogona kuva basa rakaoma. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, specialized filtration systems kana mishonga yemakemikari inogona kudiwa kuti inyatso bvisa sediment kubva mumafuta ekuzora.
Mukuwedzera kune mechanical tsvina uye sediment, panogonawo kunge paine tsvina ine zvidimbu zvakakura mumafuta ekuzora, sejecha diki nematombo. Izvi zvinogona kazhinji kubviswa nekusefa zvakare. Semuyenzaniso, kushandisa sefa ine coarser mesh kunogona kuteya aya makuru maparticles uye kudzivirira kuti asatenderere mu lubricating system.. Panogonawo kunge paine matavi madiki uye zvinhu zvakaita seshinda kubva mumabhegi akarukwa anogona kuwana netsaona nzira yekupinda mumafuta ekuzora.. Izvi zvinogona kubviswa uchishandisa maturusi akadai sema tweezers kana nekuongorora nemaoko uye kuchenesa dura reoiri.
Kunyangwe zvichibvira kubvisa tsvina kubva kumafuta ekuzora ye crane yakagadzikwa neroris, zvakakosha kuziva kuti iyi nzira inoda nguva uye simba. Zvinogonawo kukonzera kunonoka pabasa, kunyanya kana nzira yekubvisa ichida kuitwa kazhinji. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekudzivirira panguva yekushandiswa kwakajairika kwe crane yakagadzikwa neroris kuderedza kupinda kwetsvina mumafuta ekuzora.
Semuyenzaniso, kugadzirisa kwakaringana uye kugara uchiongorora injini uye sisitimu yekuzora inogona kubatsira kuona zvingangobva zvinosvibisa pakutanga.. Kuisa chisimbiso chero chinodonha uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvinongedzo zvakasimba zvinogona kudzivirira huruva nemarara kupinda muhurongwa.. Paunenge uchizadza mafuta ekuzora, shandisa midziyo yakachena uye dzivisa kudira mafuta kubva kune tsvina kana ine utachiona. Uyezve, kuchengeta crane yakagadzikwa nerori yakachena uye isina tsvina yakawandisa uye marara kunze zvinogona zvakare kuderedza mukana wezvinosvibisa kupinda murubricating system..
Fungidzira a crane yakagadzikwa nerori kushanda panzvimbo yekuvaka yakabatikana. Mutyairi anogara achiongorora oiri yekuzora kuti haina kuchena uye anotora matanho ekudzivirira kuti oiri igare yakachena. Nokuita kudaro, mutyairi haangowedzere hupenyu hweinjini nezvimwe zvinhu asi zvakare anoderedza njodzi yekuputsika uye kugadzirisa kunodhura.. Pane rimwe divi, kana tsvina ichibvumirwa kuungana mumafuta ekuzora pasina kunyatsotarisisa, zvinogona kukonzera kuderera kwekuita, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta, uye zvinogona kukanganisa crane.
Mukupedzisa, nepo zvichikwanisika kubvisa tsvina kubva kumafuta ekuzora e crane yakagadzikwa neroris kuburikidza nenzira dzakaita sekunaya kwemvura, kusefa, uye kubviswa kwemaoko, zviri nani zvikuru kutora matanho ekudzivirira kudzivisa kupinda kwetsvina pakutanga. Nekungwarira mukuchengetedza kuchena kweiyo lubricating system uye crane yakagadzikwa nerori zvakazara, vatyairi vanogona kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakatsetseka uye kwakavimbika kwemidziyo yavo, kuderedza nguva uye kuchengetedza pamari yekuchengetedza.
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