Le khasi i-crane egibele iloli iwuhlobo lwemoto olukhethekile oludlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene yokwakha ubunjiniyela. Kusukela ekuthunjweni kwemvelo kamasipala kanye nokwakhiwa kwengadi kuya ekwakhiweni kwezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu, isibe yithuluzi elibalulekile. Ukusebenza kwayo okulula nokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kuyenza ithandeke kakhulu kubasebenzisi kanye nomsizi onokwethenjelwa kubantu abaningi ekuphishekeleni kwabo ukwenza imali.. Nokho, njenganoma yimuphi umshini wokusebenza, ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-crane egibele ilolis, izinkinga ezihlukahlukene nakanjani zizokwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba umsebenzi oyinselele ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye engasebenzi kahle, okungachithi nje kuphela isikhathi kodwa futhi okungenzeka kubambezele isikhathi sokwakha. Manje ake ngixoxe kafushane ngamaphutha avamile avame ukwenzeka kuwo i-crane egibele ilolis, kanye nezimbangela zabo nezindlela zokwelapha.
Isimanga: I-crane egibele iloli ayisebenzi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela:
- Iphampu kawoyela ayisebenzi:
- Isibambo sokususa amandla asiphushwa endaweni. Lokhu kuwukwengamela okuvamile. Uma isibambo sokusuka kwamandla singabanjiwe ngokugcwele, ayikwazi ukudlulisa amandla enjini yemoto iye empompini yamafutha, okuholela ekutheni iphampu kawoyela ingasebenzi.
- Amagiya asebhokisini lokukhumula amandla alimele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo nokuguga, amagiya asebhokisini lokukhumula amandla angalimala. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni ekudluliseni amandla empompini yamafutha.
- Umkhono wokudlulisela phakathi kwe-shaft ephumayo yebhokisi lokususa amandla kanye ne-shaft yokufaka yepompo kawoyela yonakele. Umkhono wokudlulisa ubalulekile ekuxhumeni ibhokisi lokususa amandla kanye nephampu kawoyela. Uma konakele, amandla awakwazi ukudluliselwa ngempumelelo, okwenza ukuthi iphampu kawoyela iyeke ukusebenza.
- Iphampu kawoyela ishisiwe. Izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokushisa ngokweqile, ukuntuleka kokugcoba, noma ukusebenza komthwalo osindayo isikhathi eside kungabangela ukuba iphampu kawoyela ishise futhi iyeke ukusebenza.
Izindlela zokwelapha:
- Odabeni lwesibambo sokukhumula ugesi asiphushwa endaweni, isixazululo siqondile. Umsebenzisi kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi isibambo sokumuka kwamandla siphushelwa ngaphakathi ngokugcwele ukuze kusungulwe uxhumano olufanele nokudluliswa kwamandla.
- Uma amagiya asebhokisini lokukhumula amandla elimele, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwebhokisi lokususa amandla kuyadingeka. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqaqa ibhokisi, ehlola amagiya ukuthi alinakele yini, kanye nokushintsha noma yimaphi amagiya alimele. Kungase kudingeke oomakhenikha abaqeqeshiwe kulo msebenzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulungiswa okufanele nokuhlanganisa kabusha.
- Lapho umkhono wokudlulisa ulimele, idinga ukushintshwa. Umkhono omusha wokudlulisa kufanele ube sezingeni eliphezulu futhi uhambisane ne-shaft ephumayo yebhokisi lokususa amandla kanye ne-shaft yokufaka yepompo likawoyela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwamandla okushelelayo..
- Uma kwenzeka ipompo likawoyela ishisiwe, kufanele ishintshwe kufakwe entsha. Kubalulekile ukukhetha iphampu yamafutha efanelekile imodeli ethile ye i-crane egibele iloli futhi ihlangabezana nemininingwane edingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.
Ngokwesibonelo, Cabanga a i-crane egibele iloli esizeni sokwakha kuyeka ukusebenza kungazelelwe. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, kutholakala ukuthi isibambo sokususa ugesi asiphushwanga kahle. Ngokumane ulungise lokhu kugada kanye nokubandakanya ngokugcwele isibambo, iphampu kawoyela iqala ukusebenza futhi, futhi i-crane ingaphinde iqalise ukusebenza kwayo. Nokho, uma inkinga ingenxa yamagiya alimele ebhokisini lokususa amandla noma ipompo likawoyela elishile, umsebenzi wokulungisa owengeziwe futhi okungenzeka kube nokushintshwa kwezingxenye kuyadingeka, okungase kubangele ukwehla okukhulu nokuphazamiseka.
Isimanga: Iphampu kawoyela iyasebenza kodwa awekho amafutha okucindezela.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela:
- Uwoyela onganele ethangini likaphethiloli. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvuza ohlelweni, ukugcwaliswa okungalungile ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, noma ukwehluleka ukuhlola nokugcwalisa izinga likawoyela njalo. Lapho uwoyela engekho ethangini, iphampu kawoyela ayikwazi ukudweba uwoyela owanele ukukhiqiza ingcindezi.
- Isihlungi sikawoyela sivinjiwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukungcola, imfucumfucu, futhi ukungcola kunganqwabelana kusihlungi sikawoyela, ukuyivimba nokuvimbela ukugeleza kwamafutha. Lokhu kuvimbela ukunikezwa kukawoyela ohlelweni futhi kubangele ukungabikho kokucindezela kwamafutha.
Izindlela zokwelapha:
- Uma inkinga inguwoyela onganele ethangini likaphethiloli, ikhambi liwukwengeza uwoyela owanele we-hydraulic. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanele kanye nebanga likawoyela we-hydraulic njengoba kucaciswe umenzi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo.. Ukuhlola njalo nokugcina izinga likawoyela nakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela le nkinga ukuthi ingaphinde ivele.
- Lapho isihlungi samafutha sivinjiwe, idinga ukuhlanzwa. Kwezinye izimo, uma ukuvinjelwa kunzima noma isihlungi sonakalisiwe, kungase kudinge ukushintshwa. Ukugcinwa njalo kanye nokushintshwa kwesihlungi sikawoyela ngezikhathi ezinconyiwe kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthi le nkinga ingenzeki.
Ngokwesibonelo, ake sithi a i-crane egibele iloli ibhekene nokuntuleka kwamafutha okucindezela. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, kutholakala ukuthi ithangi likaphethiloli lincane ngowoyela. Ngokungeza inani elifanele likawoyela we-hydraulic, isistimu ingaqalisa kabusha ukusebenza okuvamile. Nokho, uma udaba luyisihlungi samafutha esivinjiwe, ukuhlanza noma ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi kungabuyisela ukugeleza okufanele kwamafutha nokucindezela.
Isimanga: Umthamo wokuphakamisa we-crane ogibele iloli uyancipha futhi ngokusobala awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela:
- Ingcindezi yesistimu ye-hydraulic iphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici eziningana:
- Kukhona ukuvuza ohlelweni. Ukuvuza kungenzeka ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zesistimu ye-hydraulic, njengamapayipi, okokufaka, amasilinda, noma ama-valve. Lokhu kuvuza kubangela ukulahlekelwa ingcindezi kanye nokuncipha kwamandla okuphakamisa.
- Ingcindezi ye-valve yokukhulula ilungiswa iphansi kakhulu. Uma i-valve yokukhulula isethwe ekucindezelweni okuphansi kakhulu, izokhawulela ukucindezela okukhulu ohlelweni futhi inciphise umthamo wokuphakamisa.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric yepompo likawoyela kuncishisiwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokuguga, iphampu yamafutha ingase ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kahle kwayo futhi ingakwazi ukuletha umthamo odingekayo wamafutha, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okuphansi kanye nokunciphisa umthamo wokuphakamisa.
Izindlela zokwelapha:
- Ngokuvuza ohlelweni, kuyadingeka ukuhlola wonke amapayipi kanye nezingxenye ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale umthombo wokuvuza. Uma kuvuza sekukhona, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele ukumisa ukuvuza. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqinisa ukufakwa, ukushintsha izimvu zamanzi ezilimele noma amapayipi, noma ukulungisa izingxenye ezilimele.
- Uma ingcindezi ye-valve yokukhulula ilungiswa iphansi kakhulu, kufanele ihlolwe futhi ilungiswe ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo. Nokho, ukulungiswa ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe ngoba kungaholela kwezinye izinkinga. Uma i-valve yokusiza ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo wokulawula ingcindezi, idinga ukulungiswa, futhi noma yiziphi izingxenye ezilimele kufanele zishintshwe.
- Lapho ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric yepompo yamafutha kuncipha, iphampu yamafutha kufanele ishintshwe. Ukukhetha iphampu kawoyela eshintshwayo yekhwalithi ephezulu ehlangabezana nezicaciso ze i-crane egibele iloli kubalulekile ukubuyisela amandla okuphakamisa.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma a i-crane egibele iloli idonsa kanzima ukuphakamisa imithwalo esindayo futhi kunqunywa ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza ohlelweni olusebenza ngamanzi, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kuyadingeka. Uma ukuvuza sekutholakele futhi kwalungiswa, amandla okuphakamisa angabuyiselwa. Ngokufanayo, uma i-valve yokusiza isethwe iphansi kakhulu noma iphampu yamafutha ingasebenzi kahle, ukulungiswa okufanele noma ukushintshwa kungaxazulula inkinga.
Isimanga: I-Luffing cylinder ayinamandla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela:
- Iringi yokuvala kusilinda ye-luffing yonakele, okuholela ekwandeni kokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindandatho zokuvala kusilinda zingaguga noma zilimale ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokucindezela, ukungqubuzana, kanye nokuchayeka kukungcola. Lokhu kuvumela uwoyela we-hydraulic ukuthi uvuze ngaphakathi, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-cylinder nokwenza kube buthaka.
- I-piston ekusilinda e-luffing yonakalisiwe noma isilinda se-luffing cylinder ikhubazekile, okuholela ekuvuzeni okukhulu kwangaphakathi. Ukulimala kwepiston noma ukuguqulwa kwesilinda kungenzeka ngenxa yamandla amakhulu, umthelela, noma ukusetshenziswa okungalungile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuza okukhulu kwangaphakathi futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kwesilinda.
Izindlela zokwelapha:
- Uma indandatho yokuvala ilimele, izingxenye zokuvala kanye nepiston kufanele kushintshwe. Izindandatho ezintsha zokuvala zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye namapiston kufanele kufakwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe uphawu oluqinile nokusebenza kahle kwesilinda..
- Uma isilinda sikhubazekile noma ipiston yonakale kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuhlola isilinda ngokucophelela. Uma i-deformation incane, kungenzeka ukuyilungisa. Nokho, uma umonakalo mkhulu, isilinda kungase kudinge ukushintshwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma i-luffing cylinder ye-a i-crane egibele iloli ibuthakathaka, ukuhlola kungase kwembule izindandatho zokuvala ezilimele noma isilinda esonakele. Ngokufaka esikhundleni sezingxenye zokuvala nepiston noma ukulungisa/ukushintsha isilinda njengoba kudingeka, ukusebenza kwesilinda kungabuyiselwa.
Isimanga: I-Telescopic cylinder ayinamandla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela: Kuyafana ne-luffing cylinder.
Izindlela zokwelapha: Kuyafana ne-luffing cylinder.
Isimanga: Iwintshi ibuthakathaka.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela: Ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric ye-winch plunger oil motor kuyancipha. Okufana nephampu kawoyela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-winch oil motor ingabhekana nokuguga, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kwayo kwevolumu. Lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kokukhishwa kwamandla kwewintshi futhi kuyenze ibe buthaka.
Izindlela zokwelapha: Faka esikhundleni injini yamafutha. Injini entsha kawoyela ehambisana newintshi futhi ehlangabezana nemininingwane edingekayo kufanele ifakwe ukuze kubuyiselwe amandla ewintshi..
Ngokwesibonelo, uma iwintshi ku-a i-crane egibele iloli idonsa kanzima ukuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa imithwalo, kungase kube ngenxa yokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu yemoto kawoyela. Ukushintsha injini kawoyela kungaxazulula le nkinga futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi i-winch isebenza ngempumelelo.
Isimanga: Ngemva kokuba izimpahla zisusiwe, ngokusobala behla ngokwemvelo (Ngaphezu kwe 2 amamilimitha / isekhondi). Kungabonakala ngokucacile ukuthi i-luffing piston rod ikhishwe, i-boom ehambayo kanye ne-outriggers banezimo ezicacile zokuhlehlisa, futhi i-hook yokuphakamisa inento yemvelo yokuwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela:
- Kukhona ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kusilinda iluffing, isilinda telescopic, kanye ne-outrigger cylinder. Ngokufanayo nezimo zangaphambili zamasilinda abuthakathaka, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kula masilinda kungabangela ukuthi impahla ephakanyisiwe yehle.
- I-valve yebhalansi yesilinda esiluffing nesilinda se-telescopic yonakele. I-valve yebhalansi yenzelwe ukugcina ingcindezi futhi ivimbele ukwehla okungazelelwe. Uma konakele, ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekuweni kwezimpahla.
- Ilokhi ye-hydraulic yezindlela ezimbili ku-outrigger yonakele. Ilokhi ye-hydraulic kufanele igcine ama-outrigger esesimweni. Uma konakele, abaphumayo bangahoxa, okubangela ukungazinzi futhi okungase kuholele ekuweni kwempahla.
- Ukusebenza kwe-volumetric ye-winch motor kuyancipha, nama-friction brake pads ku-gearbox oyiwintshi wonakele. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric okuncishisiwe kwe-winch motor kungenza buthaka ikhono le-winch lokubamba umthwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhuleki amabhuleki awonakele nawo angaba nomthelela ekwehleni kwempahla.
Izindlela zokwelapha:
- Ngokuvuza kwangaphakathi kumasilinda, bheka indlela yokwelapha yokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwesilinda njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili.
- Uma i-valve yebhalansi ilimele, kufanele ishintshwe noma ilungiswe kabusha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqaqa i-valve, ukuhlola umonakalo, nokushintsha noma yiziphi izingxenye ezinephutha.
- Lapho ilokhi ye-hydraulic lock yonakele, kufanele ishintshwe noma ilungiswe kabusha. Kufana ne-valve yebhalansi, ukuhlolwa okufanele nokulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo ngendlela efanele.
- Ukuze kuncishiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric ye-winch motor kanye namabhuleki amabhuleki aphukile, ama-friction brake pads kufanele ashintshwe, futhi uma kunesidingo, injini ingase idinge ukushintshwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma ngemva kokuphakamisa izimpahla, baqala ukwehla ngokwemvelo, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe umthombo wenkinga. Kungaba ngenxa yokuvuza kwangaphakathi kumasilinda, ama-valve ebhalansi awonakele noma izingidi ze-hydraulic, noma izinkinga nge-winch motor namabhuleki pads. Ngokubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokulungisa noma ukushintshwa okufanelekile, ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwe- i-crane egibele iloli ingabuyiselwa.
Ithebula elingenhla libonisa ngokucacile amaphutha avamile kanye nezimbangela ze i-crane egibele ilolis, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha, ngereferensi yakho. Nakuba singase sithembe ukuthi imoto yethu esiyithandayo ngeke ihlangabezane nezinkinga, kubalulekile ukukwazi kahle lawa makhono ukuze ulungele izimo eziphuthumayo. Ukulungiswa okujwayelekile, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokutholwa ngesikhathi kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphutha kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuphephile kwe i-crane egibele ilolis, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokukhulisa umkhiqizo.
Okuthunyelwe Okuhlobene:
